I’ve admired Ray’s work for many years. He continues to surprise people because his vision is consistently “beyond the horizon.” People, even scientists and technologists, tend to predict the future based on the recent past. They consistently underestimate future changes because, in any short segment, an exponential growth curve appears relatively straight. Hence, we tend to make linear projections. Ray’s vision is so dramatically exponential that he envisions a singularity–a time in the near future (our lifetime) when our artificially-evolved intelligent transhuman species bursts forth outside of the confines of earth and fills the known universe.